The Effect of Virtual Laboratory on Students' Computational Thinking on Half-Life Concepts
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33394/hjkk.v12i3.12107Keywords:
virtual laboratory, PhET simulations, computational thinking, half-life concept, radiochemistry, educational technologyAbstract
This study investigates the impact of virtual laboratories on enhancing students' computational thinking skills, focusing on the half-life concept in radiochemistry. Utilizing a quantitative research approach, a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest model was employed. Thirteen students enrolled in a Radiochemistry course participated in the study. The intervention involved the use of PhET simulations as a virtual laboratory, designed to facilitate a structured and interactive learning environment. Pretest and posttest assessments were conducted to measure the students' computational thinking skills. The results showed significant improvement in computational thinking post-intervention, with notable gains in decomposition, pattern recognition, abstraction, and algorithm design. Statistical analysis using paired-sample t-test and normalized gain scores confirmed the effectiveness of the virtual laboratory in enhancing these skills. The study concludes that virtual laboratories, such as PhET simulations, are effective in developing computational thinking abilities, providing a valuable tool for modern educational practices. These findings suggest that integrating virtual laboratories into the curriculum can significantly improve students' problem-solving and critical thinking skills, preparing them for future academic and professional challenges.
References
Aliyu, F., & Talib, C. A. (2019). Virtual Chemistry Laboratory: A Panacea to Problems of Conducting Chemistry Practical at Science Secondary Schools in Nigeria. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 8(5c), 544–549. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.e1079.0585c19
Banda, H. J., & Nzabahimana, J. (2022). The Impact of Physics Education Technology (PhET) Interactive Simulation-Based Learning on Motivation and Academic Achievement Among Malawian Physics Students. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 32(1), 127–141. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-022-10010-3
Belmar, H. (2022). Review on the Teaching of Programming and Computational Thinking in the World. Frontiers in Computer Science, 4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomp.2022.997222
Chakraborty, P., & Yadav, S. (2023). Introducing Schoolchildren to Computational Thinking Using Smartphone Apps: A Way to Encourage Enrollment in Engineering Education. Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 31(4), 831–849. https://doi.org/10.1002/cae.22609
Clark, T. M., & Chamberlain, J. M. (2014). Use of a PhET Interactive Simulation in General Chemistry Laboratory: Models of the Hydrogen Atom. Journal of Chemical Education, 91(8), 1198–1202. https://doi.org/10.1021/ed400454p
Eliza, F. (2024). Effective Virtual Laboratory to Build Constructivist Thinking in Electrical Measurement Practicum. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 34(2), 814. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v34.i2.pp814-824
Ezeamuzie, N. O., Leung, J. S. C., Garcia, R. C. C., & Ting, F. S. T. (2022). Discovering Computational Thinking in Everyday Problem Solving: A Multiple Case Study of Route Planning. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 38(6), 1779–1796. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12720
Guggemos, J., Seufert, S., & González, M. R. (2022). Computational Thinking Assessment – Towards More Vivid Interpretations. Technology Knowledge and Learning, 28(2), 539–568. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10758-021-09587-2
Gunawan, G., Harjono, A., Hermansyah, H., & Herayanti, L. (2019). Guided Inquiry Model Through Virtual Laboratory to Enhance Students’ Science Process Skills on Heat Concept. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan, 38(2), 259–268. https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v38i2.23345
Hasyim, F., Prastowo, T., & Jatmiko, B. (2020). The Use of Android-Based PhET Simulation as an Effort to Improve Students’ Critical Thinking Skills During the Covid-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (Ijim), 14(19), 31. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v14i19.15701
Herlika, H. (2022). Analysis of Requirements for Virtual Laboratory Interactive Multimedia for Class X Electrical Conductivity. Finger Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Pendidikan, 1(2), 36–41. https://doi.org/10.58723/finger.v1i2.65
Inayah, N., & Masruroh, M. (2021). PhET Simulation Effectiveness as Laboratory Practices Learning Media to Improve Students’ Concept Understanding. Prisma Sains Jurnal Pengkajian Ilmu Dan Pembelajaran Matematika Dan Ipa Ikip Mataram, 9(2), 152. https://doi.org/10.33394/j-ps.v9i2.2923
Ismalia, I., Kusumawati., M. P. d. A., & Wahyuni, P. (2022). Investigating the Use of Phet Simulation as a Substitute for Practical Tools in Understanding the Concept of Static Electricity. International Journal of Education and Teaching Zone, 1(1), 20–25. https://doi.org/10.57092/ijetz.v1i1.7
Kharki, K. E., Berrada, K., & Burgos, D. (2021). Design and Implementation of a Virtual Laboratory for Physics Subjects in Moroccan Universities. Sustainability, 13(7), 3711. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13073711
Li, Y., Schoenfeld, A. H., diSessa, A. A., Graesser, A. C., Benson, L., English, L. D., & Duschl, R. A. (2020). Computational Thinking Is More About Thinking Than Computing. Journal for Stem Education Research, 3(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41979-020-00030-2
MacDonald, R., Pattison, A. N., Cornell, S., Elgersma, A. K., Greidanus, S. N., Visser, S. N., Hoffman, M., & Mahaffy, P. G. (2022). An Interactive Planetary Boundaries Systems Thinking Learning Tool to Integrate Sustainability Into Chemistry Curriculum. https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv-2022-84bz2
Mashami, R. A., Ahmadi, Kurniasih, Y., & Khery, Y. (2023). Use of PhET Simulations as a Virtual Laboratory to Improve Students’ Problem Solving Skills. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Ipa, 9(12), 11455–11465. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i12.6549
Rafli, M. (2024). Implementation of Computational Thinking in Data Structure Subject Using Problem-Based Learning Models. J. Gr. Kom., 4(2), 66–75. https://doi.org/10.17509/jgrkom.v4i2.30450
Rowe, R. J., Koban, L., Davidoff, A. J., & Thompson, K. (2017). Efficacy of Online Laboratory Science Courses. Journal of Formative Design in Learning, 2(1), 56–67. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41686-017-0014-0
Salame, I. I., & Makki, J. (2021). Examining the Use of PhET Simulations on Students ’ Attitudes and Learning in General Chemistry II. Interdisciplinary Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 17(4), 1–9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21601/ijese/10966
Srikan, P., Pimdee, P., Leekitchwatana, P., & Narabin, A. (2021). A Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and Teaching Model Using a Cloud-Based Constructivist Learning Environment to Enhance Thai Undergraduate Creative Thinking and Digital Media Skills. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (Ijim), 15(22), 68. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v15i22.24963
Taibu, R., Mataka, L. M., & Shekoyan, V. (2021). Using PhET Simulations to Improve Scientific Skills and Attitudes of Community College Students. International Journal of Education in Mathematics Science and Technology, 9(3), 353–370. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijemst.1214
Torre, L. d. l., Guinaldo, M., Heradio, R., & Dormido, S. (2015). The Ball and Beam System: A Case Study of Virtual and Remote Lab Enhancement With Moodle. Ieee Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 11(4), 934–945. https://doi.org/10.1109/tii.2015.2443721
Verawati, N. N. S. P., Handriani, L. S., & Prahanı, B. K. (2022). The Experimental Experience of Motion Kinematics in Biology Class Using PhET Virtual Simulation and Its Impact on Learning Outcomes. International Journal of Essential Competencies in Education, 1(1), 11–17. https://doi.org/10.36312/ijece.v1i1.729
York, S., & Orgill, M. (2020). ChEMIST Table: A Tool for Designing or Modifying Instruction for a Systems Thinking Approach in Chemistry Education. Journal of Chemical Education, 97(8), 2114–2129. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.0c00382
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
License and Publishing Agreement
In submitting the manuscript to the journal, the authors certify that:
- They are authorized by their co-authors to enter into these arrangements.
- The work described has not been formally published before, except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, thesis, or overlay journal.
- That it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere,
- That its publication has been approved by all the author(s) and by the responsible authorities – tacitly or explicitly – of the institutes where the work has been carried out.
- They secure the right to reproduce any material that has already been published or copyrighted elsewhere.
- They agree to the following license and publishing agreement.
Copyright
Authors who publish with Hydrogen: Jurnal Kependidikan Kimia agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.Â
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
Licensing for Data Publication
Hydrogen: Jurnal Kependidikan Kimia uses a variety of waivers and licenses, that are specifically designed for and appropriate for the treatment of data: Open Data Commons Attribution License, http://www.opendatacommons.org/licenses/by/1.0/ (default) Other data publishing licenses may be allowed as exceptions (subject to approval by the editor on a case-by-case basis) and should be justified with a written statement from the author, which will be published with the article.