Toxicity and Antioxidant Activity Test of Rambutan Seeds (Nephelium lappaceum L.)

Authors

  • Alvionita Puspa Arum Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mulawarman
  • Agung Rahmadani Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Teaching and Education, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda 75123, East Kalimantan, Indonesia.
  • Laode Rijai Pharmacy Faculty, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda 75123, East Kalimantan, Indonesia.
  • Harra Ismi Farah Pharmacy Faculty, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda 75123, East Kalimantan, Indonesia., Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33394/hjkk.v13i3.16376

Keywords:

antioxidant, Nephelium lappaceum semen, rambutan seed, toxicity.

Abstract

Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) seeds have long been utilized in traditional medicine due to their potential therapeutic properties. This study aimed to determine the secondary metabolite profile, toxicity, and antioxidant activity of the methanolic extract and ethyl acetate fraction of rambutan seeds to strengthen their potential application in traditional medicine. The powdered of rambutan seed was extracted with a maceration technique using methanol, followed by fractionation using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. The methanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction were tested for toxicity using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) and for antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Phytochemical screening was performed using standard qualitative method to identify secondary metabolites, which confirmed the presence of phenols, tannins, and flavonoids in both samples. Toxicity testing indicated LCâ‚…â‚€ values of 688.86 ppm for the methanol extract and 825.68 ppm for the ethyl acetate fraction. Antioxidant activity assessment revealed ICâ‚…â‚€ values of 328.61 ppm for the methanol extract and the higher activity for ethyl acetate fraction of 32.78 ppm. These results indicate that the ethyl acetate fraction of rambutan seeds may serve as a promising natural source of antioxidants for therapeutic development.

Author Biographies

Agung Rahmadani, Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Teaching and Education, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda 75123, East Kalimantan, Indonesia.

Research focused in organic chemistry synthesis and natural product

Laode Rijai, Pharmacy Faculty, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda 75123, East Kalimantan, Indonesia.

Research focused on organic chemistry of natural product

Harra Ismi Farah, Pharmacy Faculty, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda 75123, East Kalimantan, Indonesia.

Research focused on organic chemistry synthesis and natural product

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Published

2025-07-01

How to Cite

Arum, A. P., Rahmadani, A., Rijai, L., & Farah, H. I. (2025). Toxicity and Antioxidant Activity Test of Rambutan Seeds (Nephelium lappaceum L.). Hydrogen: Jurnal Kependidikan Kimia, 13(3), 670–677. https://doi.org/10.33394/hjkk.v13i3.16376

Issue

Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): June 2025

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Articles

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