Synthesis of Silicon/Silica/Carbon Composite from Rice Husk via Mechanical Milling Method as Anode Lithium-Ion Batteries

Authors

  • Mohamad Alief Ramdhan Sekolah Vokasi IPB University, Indonesia
  • Nindya Tri Muliawati Sekolah Vokasi IPB University, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33394/hjkk.v13i3.16618

Keywords:

aluminothermic reduction, lithium-ion battery, mechanical milling, rice husk, Si/Sioâ‚‚/C Composite

Abstract

Silicon (Si) and silicon dioxide (SiOâ‚‚), with high theoretical capacities of 4200 mAh gâ»Â¹ and 1965 mAh gâ»Â¹ respectively, have attracted considerable interest as potential anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), especially when derived from abundant and renewable sources like rice husk (RH). However, their practical applications are hindered by major challenges, such as significant volume expansion (100%–300%) during charge/discharge cycles and inherently low electrical conductivity (~10â»Â¹ S mâ»Â¹). This study aims to develop a low-cost, sustainable, and high-performance Si/SiOâ‚‚/C composite anode material from rice husk using a combination of mechanical milling and AlCl₃/NaCl-activated aluminothermic reduction. The work specifically explores the effects of single-step versus two-step milling processes on the structural integrity and electrochemical performance of the resulting composites. The two-step milling method, a relatively new and more controlled approach, effectively eliminated unwanted metal oxide by-products, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. In contrast, the single-step process resulted in residual impurities. Electrochemical tests revealed that the two-step Si/SiOâ‚‚/C composite delivered a significantly higher specific capacity of 280.01 mAh gâ»Â¹ after 50 cycles, compared to 146.15 mAh gâ»Â¹ from the single-step method. These results highlight the potential of rice husk-derived Si/SiOâ‚‚/C composites as eco-friendly and efficient anode materials for next-generation LIBs.

References

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Published

2025-06-30

How to Cite

Ramdhan, M. A., & Muliawati, N. T. (2025). Synthesis of Silicon/Silica/Carbon Composite from Rice Husk via Mechanical Milling Method as Anode Lithium-Ion Batteries. Hydrogen: Jurnal Kependidikan Kimia, 13(3), 492–500. https://doi.org/10.33394/hjkk.v13i3.16618

Issue

Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): June 2025

Section

Articles

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