Cultivating Global Citizens: Cultural Awareness, Critical Thinking, and Intercultural Competence in High School Education

Authors

  • Djono Djono Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia
  • Hieronymus Purwanta Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia
  • Musa Pelu Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia
  • Herimanto Herimanto Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia
  • Sutiyah Sutiyah Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia
  • Hasan Ashari Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33394/jk.v11i3.16811

Keywords:

Cultural Awareness, Critical Thinking, Intercultural Competence, Karanganyar Regency, Local Culture

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the level of local cultural awareness of high school students in Karanganyar Regency and explore its relationship with critical thinking skills and intercultural competence. This study employed a quantitative approach with a survey design, collecting data through a 3-point Likert scale-based questionnaire consisting of factual and valence statement items, as well as additional indicators to measure critical thinking and intercultural competence. The research sample consisted of 110 high school students in Karanganyar Regency, selected purposively. The data were analyzed using descriptive quantitative techniques through percentage categorization and comparison of scores across variables. The results showed that 90% of students were in the medium cultural awareness category, 2.7% in the high category, and 7.3% in the low category. Notably, one student from the high category scored 98.1% for cultural awareness and achieved perfect scores for critical thinking and intercultural competence, while students from the low category only achieved 57.4% in cultural awareness, with critical thinking scores of 61.9% and intercultural competence scores of 72.2%. These findings suggest a tendency that students with high levels of cultural awareness also show better mastery of critical thinking and intercultural skills.

References

Alexandra, V., Ehrhart, K. H., & Randel, A. E. (2021). Cultural intelligence, perceived inclusion, and cultural diversity in workgroups. Personality and Individual Differences, 168, 110285. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110285

Arslan, F., Abrar, M., Ullah, F., & Haroon, H. (2024). Exploring the Influence of Language on Cultural Identity: A Comparative Linguistic and Literary Analysis. Edu-Ling Journal of English Education and Linguistics, 8, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13946047

Baker, W. (2011). Intercultural awareness: Modelling an understanding of cultures in intercultural communication through English as a lingua franca. Language and Intercultural Communication, 11, 197–214. https://doi.org/10.1080/14708477.2011.577779

Banks, J. (2001). Cultural Diversity and Education: Foundations, Curriculum, and Teaching. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315622255

Banks, J. A., & Banks, C. A. M. G. (2019). Multicultural Education: Issues and Perspectives. Wiley. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=ceGyDwAAQBAJ

Barrett, M. D. . (2016). Competences for democratic culture : living together as equals in culturally diverse democratic societies. Council of Europe Publishing.

Bennett, M. (2017). Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118783665.ieicc0182

Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. SAGE Publications. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=4uB76IC_pOQC

Deardorff, D. K. (2009). The SAGE Handbook of Intercultural Competence. SAGE Publications. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=IeEgAQAAQBAJ

Djono, Sukmawati, F., & Salimi, M. (2023). Indonesian Culinary History and Values: Exploration Study in Solo City, Indonesia. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 18, 961–969. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.180332

Edensor, T., NetLibrary, & Inc. (2002). National Identity, Popular Culture and Everyday Life. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003086178

Feitosa, J., Hagenbuch, S., Patel, B., & Davis, A. (2022). Performing in diverse settings: A diversity, equity, and inclusion approach to culture. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 22, 147059582211367. https://doi.org/10.1177/14705958221136707

Haviland, W. A. (1996). Cultural Anthropology. Harcourt Brace College Publishers. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=lsFXAAAAYAAJ

Hossain, K. I. (2024). Reviewing the role of culture in English language learning: Challenges and opportunities for educators. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 9, 100781. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100781

Kartono, K. (2024). Cultural Heritage Protection and Revitalization of its Local Wisdom: A Case Study. 7, 245–261.

Levin, I., & Mamlok, D. (2021). Culture and society in the digital age. Information (Switzerland), 12(2), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/info12020068

Lugman, E. (2023). Intercultural competence development during the adjustment period of Indonesian students in the UK. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 12(3), 584–597. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v12i3.46638

Lun, V. M.-C., Fischer, R., & Ward, C. (2010). Exploring cultural differences in critical thinking: Is it about my thinking style or the language I speak? Learning and Individual Differences, 20(6), 604–616. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2010.07.001

Novita, A., Ngindana, R., & Putra, E. (2024). Preserving cultural heritage: Integrating traditional values and local arts for sustainable tourism. Jurnal Inovasi Ilmu Sosial Dan Politik (JISoP), 6, 68–77. https://doi.org/10.33474/jisop.v6i1.21925

O’CONNOR, D. (2024). The Role of Cultural Heritage in Shaping Modern Identity: A Comparative Study of Eastern and Western Perspectives. Journal of Education, Humanities, and Social Research, 1, 37–45. https://doi.org/10.70088/rda9re42

O’Reilly, C., Devitt, A., & Hayes, N. (2022). Critical thinking in the preschool classroom - A systematic literature review. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 46, 101110. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2022.101110

Othman, A., & Ali, M. (2023). The Role of Critical Thinking in Exploring of Intercultural Awareness in an EFL Context. International Journal of Social Science And Human Research. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v6-i1-10

Rosa, S., Olivia, I., Gayatri, S., Nur Fitria, T., & Rojabi, A. (2021). Increasing youth awareness of local culture through active learning. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences, 16, 1582–1601. https://doi.org/10.18844/cjes.v16i4.6014

Sakti, S., Endraswara, S., & Rohman, A. (2024). Integrating Local Cultural Values into Early Childhood Education to Promote Character Building. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 23, 84–101. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.23.7.5

Smith, M. (2023). Issues in Cultural Tourism Studies Motivation for Cultural Tourism, Ethnic Cultural Tourism and Sustainable Management of.

Strandberg, C., & Ek Styvén, M. (2024). The multidimensionality of place identity: A systematic concept analysis and framework of place-related identity elements. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 95, 102257. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102257

Suharyanto, A., & Wiflihani, W. (2024). Preserving Local Culture in the Era of Globalization: Balancing Modernity and Cultural Identity. Path of Science, 10(3), 5001–5005. https://doi.org/10.22178/pos.102-16

Tolia-Kelly, D. P. (2009). Hybridity. In R. Kitchin & N. Thrift (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of Human Geography (pp. 258–263). Elsevier. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-008044910-4.00959-7

Wang, Y., & Wu, Z. (2023). Adapting or adopting? Critical thinking education in the East Asian cultural sphere: A systematic integrative review. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 49, 101330. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2023.101330

Wijayanti, Y., Warto, Wasino, & Djono. (2025). Enhancing Students’ Cultural Identity Through History Education Based on Local Wisdom of Kagaluhan Values. Educational Process: International Journal, 14. https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2025.14.75

Yusri, F., & Afrida, Y. (2022). The differences of cultural awareness based on gender, age, race, and region of the students of guidance and counseling. 11, 152–161. https://doi.org/10.24036/02022114119545-0-00

Downloads

Published

2025-09-14

How to Cite

Djono, D., Purwanta, H., Pelu, M., Herimanto, H., Sutiyah, S., & Ashari, H. (2025). Cultivating Global Citizens: Cultural Awareness, Critical Thinking, and Intercultural Competence in High School Education. Jurnal Kependidikan, 11(3), 1143–1151. https://doi.org/10.33394/jk.v11i3.16811

Issue

Section

Articles

Citation Check