Development of Student Pancasila Character Instruments : A Evidence of The EFA, CFA and RASCH Models
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33394/jk.v9i4.9178Keywords:
Pancasila Character, Instrument, EFA, CFA, RASCH.Abstract
This study aims to compile and validate Pancasila character instruments using three methods: Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and the RASCH model. This research is a survey involving 681 students from universities throughout Indonesia. The study consisted of three stages, namely (1) item preparation, (2) construct validation through EFA and CFA, and (3) item validation using the RASCH model. The preparation of Pancasila character instrument items was carried out through a literature review and 44 statement items covering six aspects of Pancasila character. After EFA was conducted, 44 items were eliminated into 33 items which were divided into five constructs or factors, namely factor 1 = Ethics, Nationalism, Independent and Critical, factor 2 = Self Efficacy, factor 3 = Empathy, factor 4 = Creativity, and Global Knowledge, and factor 5 = Discipline. This result is reinforced by the CFA, which shows that the factors formed are in accordance with the model and have items that can describe the character of Pancasila (loading factor ≥0.3). Further analysis using RASCH shows that the instrument developed has good validity and reliability and can be used to measure students' Pancasila character.
References
Ardi, A., Hervi, F., & Mudjiran, M. (2023). Validity and Reliability Questionnaire of Students' Critical Thinking Skills in General Biology Course. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(3), 1436–1444. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i3.2761
Asrial, A., Syahrial, S., Maison, M., Kurniawan, D. A., & Putri, E. (2021). Fostering students' environmental care characters through local wisdom-based teaching materials. Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 10(1), 152–162. https://doi.org/10.23887/jpi-undiksha.v10i1.27744
Carson, S. H., Peterson, J. B., & Higgins, D. M. (2005). Reliability, validity, and factor structure of the creative achievement questionnaire. Creativity Research Journal, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326934crj1701_4
Çokluk, Ö., & Koçak, D. (2016). Using Horn's parallel analysis method in exploratory factor analysis for determining the number of factors. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice "Kuram ve Uygulamada Egitim Bilimleri ", 16(2), 537–551. https://doi.org/10.12738/estp.2016.2.0328
Endo, T., Yamamoto, A., & Watanabe, T. (2016). Bias factor method using random sampling technique. Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 53(10), 1494–1501. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2015.1126541
Hagell, P., & Westergren, A. (2016). Sample size and statistical conclusions from tests of fit to the rasch model according to the Rasch unidimensional measurement model (rumm) program in health outcome measurement. Journal of Applied Measurement, 17(4), 416–431. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28009589/
Hair, J., Black, W., Babin, B., & Anderson, R. (2010). Multivariate data analysis: a global perspective. In P. Hall (Ed.), Multivariate Data Analysis: A Global Perspective (Vol. 7th, pp. 1–800). Pearson.
Hernawati. (2019). Penguatan Pancasila Sebagai Pemersatu Bangsa Dalam Upaya Mencegah Kejahatan Dengan Kekerasan. Wacana Paramarta: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.32816/paramarta.v18i1.67
Hidayat, R., Syed Zamri, S. N. A., & Zulnaidi, H. (2018). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of achievement goals for indonesian students in mathematics education programmes. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 14(12), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/99173
Iriany, I. S. (2017). Pendidikan Karakter sebagai Upaya Revitalisasi Jati Diri Bangsa Ieke Sartika Iriany. Jurnal Pendidikan UNIGA, 8(1).
Ismail, N. E., Jimam, N. S., Dapar, M. L. P., & Ahmad, S. (2020). Validation and reliability of healthcare workers' knowledge, attitude, and practice instrument for uncomplicated malaria by rasch measurement model. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 10(1521), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2019.01521
Khayati, N., Apriliyanti, D., Nastacia Sudiana, V., Setiawan, A., & Pramono, D. (2022). Fenomena Flexing Di Media Sosial Sebagai Ajang Pengakuan Kelas Sosial Dengan Kajian Teori Fungsionalisme Struktural. Jurnal Sosialisasi, 9(2), 113–121.
Lestari, G. (2015). Bhinnekha Tunggal Ika: Khasanah Multikultural Indonesia di Tengah Kehidupan Sara. Jurnal Pendidikan Pancasila Dan Kewarganegaraan, 28(1).
Linacre, J. M. (2018). A User's Guide to WINSTEPS MINISTEP. Winsteps. https://tinyurl.com/2z33xnpb
Maisardi, M. (2017). Development learning device model of environmental education in the character of environmental care at senior high school in Solok Selatan regency. Sumatra Journal of Disaster, Geography and Geography Education, 1(2), 269–279. https://doi.org/10.24036/sjdgge.v1i2.52
Matore, M. E. E. M., Khairani, A. Z., & Adnan, R. (2019). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) for adversity quotient (AQ) instrument among youth. Journal of Critical Reviews, 6(6), 234–242. https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/63c3c6d0-16fa-3c2e-a232-c1da7faff1b9/
Muharlisiani, L. T., Soesatyo, Y., Karwanto, Khamidi, A., Noerhartati, E., Karjati, P. D., Dewira, R. F., & Setyowati, S. (2019). Environmental care imaging: Basic school students through character education by information communication technology (ICT) based learning. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 9(11), 128–136. https://tinyurl.com/6xn84prd
Nafisah, A. D., Sobah, A., Yusuf, N. A. K., & Hartono, H. (2022). Pentingnya Penanaman Nilai Pancasila dan Moral pada Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 6(5). https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v6i5.1865
Nuradhawati, R. (2022). Peran Pendidikan Moral Pancasila Sebagai Upaya Mengatasi Degradasi Moral di Kalangan Generasi Muda Indonesia. Perkumpulan Ilmuwan Administrasi Publik, 01(01).
Osborne, J. W. (2015). What is rotating in exploratory factor analysis? Practical Assessment, Research and Evaluation, 20(2), 1–7. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.7275/hb2g-m060
Ponto, J. (2015). Understanding and Evaluating Survey Research. Journal of the Advanced Practitioner in Oncology, 6(2), 168–16871.
Pradhan, R. K. (2009). Character, personality and professionalism. Social Science International, 25(2), 3–23. https://tinyurl.com/5n7y9n8r
Prasetyo, K., Masrukan, M., & Sunawan, S. (2019). The development of mathematical literation instruments based on class IV geometry material conservation. Journal of Research and Educational Research Evaluation, 8(1), 1–13. https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jere/article/view/28261
Prudon, P. (2014). Confirmatory factor analysis: a brief introduction and critique. Qualtrics, P.
Pursika, I. N. (2009). Kajian Analitik Terhadap Semboyan â€Bhinneka Tunggal Ikaâ€. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pengajaran, 42(1).
Rahman, N., Purwoko, A. A., Muntari, & Haifaturrahmah. (2020). Development of subjects specific pedagogy to build environmental awareness character on students in mining areas. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 413(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/413/1/012033
Rahmawati, L. E., Niasih, A., Kusmanto, H., & Prayitno, H. J. (2020). Environmental awareness content for character education in grade 10 in Indonesian language student textbooks. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 11(4), 161–174. https://tinyurl.com/2eepuw25
Rismawati, R., Rahim, A., & Nur, J. (2019). Penerapan Nilai-nilai Pancasila dalam Mencegah Kenakalan Remaja di Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri 1 Enrekang. JED (Jurnal Etika Demokrasi), 4(2). https://doi.org/10.26618/jed.v4i2.2394
Rosmalah, Asriadi, & Shabir, A. (2022). Implementasi Profil Pelajar Pancasila Dimensi Bernalar Kritis dalam Proses Pembelajaran di Sekolah Dasar. Seminar Nasional Hasil Penelitian.
Rusnaini, R., Raharjo, R., Suryaningsih, A., & Noventari, W. (2021). Intensifikasi Profil Pelajar Pancasila dan Implikasinya Terhadap Ketahanan Pribadi Siswa. Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional, 27(2). https://doi.org/10.22146/jkn.67613
Sa’idah, A., Nuroso, H., Subekti, E. E., & Nikmah, U. (2023). Implementasi Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila Aspek Beriman Dan Berakhlak Mulia Kelas 1 SD Supriyadi Semarang. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Konseling (JPDK), 5(2).
Sabon, Y. O. S., Istiyono, E., & Widihastuti, W. (2022). Developing "Pancasila Student Profile" instrument for self-assessment. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Evaluasi Pendidikan, 26(1). https://doi.org/10.21831/pep.v26i1.45144
Saefi, M., Fauzi, A., Kristiana, E., Adi, W. C., Muchson, M., Setiawan, M. E., Islami, N. N., Fitria Ningrum, D. E. A., Ikhsan, M. A., & Ramadhani, M. (2020). Validating of knowledge, attitudes, and practices questionnaire for prevention of covid-19 infections among undergraduate students: a rasch and factor analysis. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 16(12), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/9352
Sari, N. H. P., Susilowati, S. M. E., & Rudyatmi, E. (2021). The environmental caring character through biology learning in senior and junior high school. Journal of Biology Education, 10(1), 1–8. https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/ujbe/article/view/24459
Scoulas, J. M., Aksu Dunya, B., & De Groote, S. L. (2021). Validating students' library experience survey using rasch model. Library and Information Science Research, 43(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lisr.2021.101071
Sufyadi, S., Harjatanaya, T. Y., Adiprima, P., Satria, M. R., Andiarti, A., & Herutami, I. (2021). Panduan Pengembangan Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila. In Kementerian Pendidikan Dan Kebudayaan. http://ditpsd.kemdikbud.go.id/hal/profil-pelajar-pancasila
Sukri, A., Rizka, M. ., Lukitasari, M., Ramdiah, S., & Purwanti, E. (2022). Validating student's green character instrument using factor and Rasch model. European Journal of Educational Research, 11(2), 859–872. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.11.2.859
Sulistyarini. (2015). Pengembangan Karakter Berbasis Pancasila Melalui Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan. Jurnal Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, 2(1).
Sumintono, B., & Widhiarso, W. (2015). Aplikasi pemodelan RASCH pada assessment pendidikan [Application of RASCH modeling in educational assessment]. Trim komunikata.
Sun, J. (2005). Assessing goodness of fit in confirmatory factor analysis. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 37(4), 240–256. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481756.2005.11909764
Susongko, P. (2016). Validation of science achievement test with the Rasch model. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 5(2), 268–277. https://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/index.php/jpii/article/view/7690
Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2014). Principal Components and Factor Analysis - General Purpose and Description. In Using Multivariate Statistics (pp. 659–675). MA: Allyn & Bacon.
Tomé-Fernández, M., Fernández-Leyva, C., & Olmedo-Moreno, E. M. (2020). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of the social skills scale for young immigrants. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(17), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU12176897
Uyun, M. F., Haryono, H., & Hudallah, N. (2023). Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Pendidikan Karakter Profil Pelajar Pancasila Siswa SD Berbasis Android. Al Qalam: Jurnal Ilmiah Keagamaan Dan Kemasyarakatan, 17(3), 1781. https://doi.org/10.35931/aq.v17i3.2132
Widiastuti, A., & Indriana, A. F. (2019). Analisis Penerapan Pendekatan STEM untuk Mengatasi Rendahnya Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa pada Materi Peluang. UNION: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Matematika, 7(3). https://doi.org/10.30738/union.v7i3.5895
Widiatmaka, P. (2021). Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Sebagai Ujung Tombak Pembangunan Karakter Pancasila di Perguruan Tinggi. Pancasila: Jurnal Keindonesiaan. https://doi.org/10.52738/pjk.v1i2.41
Williams, B., Onsman, A., & Brown, T. (2010). Exploratory factor analysis: A five-step guide for novices. Journal of Emergency Primary Health Care, 8(3), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.33151/ajp.8.3.93
Yong, A. G., & Pearce, S. (2013). A beginner's guide to factor analysis: Focusing on exploratory factor analysis. Tutorials in Quantitative Methods for Psychology, 9(2), 79–94. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20982/tqmp.09.2.p079
Yuliatin, Y. (2023). Pancasila Karakter Khas Bangsa Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Profesi Pendidikan, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.29303/jipp.v8i1.1185
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
License and Publishing AgreementIn submitting the manuscript to the journal, the authors certify that:
- They are authorized by their co-authors to enter into these arrangements.
- The work described has not been formally published before, except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, thesis, or overlay journal.
- That it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere,
- That its publication has been approved by all the author(s) and by the responsible authorities – tacitly or explicitly – of the institutes where the work has been carried out.
- They secure the right to reproduce any material that has already been published or copyrighted elsewhere.
- They agree to the following license and publishing agreement.
Authors who publish with JK agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.Â
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
- Open Data Commons Attribution License, http://www.opendatacommons.org/licenses/by/1.0/ (default)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
