Analyzing the Role of Rainbow Card in Improving EFL Students’ Reading Comprehension through Descriptive Text
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33394/jollt.v12i4.11514Keywords:
Rainbow Card, Reading Comprehension, Descriptive Text, EFL learnersAbstract
The development of reading comprehension is an important skill that helps students with a variety of academic assignments. It facilitates their ability to comprehend textual information and to analyze, clarify, and articulate their own opinions about them. Consequently, students are required to strengthen their comprehension of textual content through the academic assignments that their teachers provide. One of reading comprehension's main goals is to help students become better readers by helping them understand texts properly. This research aim was to analyze the role of rainbow card strategy in efl learning context by emphasizing reading ability. The method of this study was mixed method with a classroom action research design adopted from Kemmis & M. Taggard. The participant of this research was student’s eighth grade students consist of 30 students. The data collection was in form of observation, written test, and interview for both students and a teacher. The findings of this study indicated that appropriate reading strategies such as rainbow card technique play an important role in enhancing the reading comprehension abilities of EFL students.. A further result was also described in cycle two and three in which significantly improved students’ comprehension. Nonetheless, in the first of cycle, the statistical data indicated low improvement due to the limited time and new approach. At the same time, a new innovation and approach in pedagogy was needed in order to improve the learning and teaching outcomes. Finally, the research emphasized the significance of adopting innovative pedagogical practices to cultivate a more engaging and impactful learning due to the limitation of the students’ interest and comprehension in reading.
References
Ahmadi, M. R., & Gilakjani, A. P. (2012). Reciprocal teaching strategies and their impacts on English reading comprehension. Theory and Practice in Language Studies. https://doi.org/10.4304/tpls.2.10.2053-2060
Anderson, N. J. (2003). Scrolling, Clicking, and Reading English: Online Reading Strategies in a Second/Foreign Language. The Reading Matrix.
Anderson, T., & Kim, J. Y. (2011). Strengthening college students’ success through the RAC. Journal of College Reading and Learning. https://doi.org/10.1080/10790195.2011.10850348
Anggy Giri Prawiyogi, A., Sri Wulan Anggraeni, Lusiana Rahmatiani, & Laras Nanda Milftaloka. (2023). Card Sort Method: improve elementary school students early reading skills. Mimbar Ilmu, 28(1), 131–137. https://doi.org/10.23887/mi.v28i1.57273
Balqis, N. (2019). An Exploration of Teachers’ Questioning Strategies in EFL Classroom (A Case Study at MTsN Model 1 Banda Aceh) (Doctoral dissertation, UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh).
Barber, A. T., & Klauda, S. L. (2020). How Reading Motivation and Engagement Enable Reading Achievement: Policy Implications. Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 7(1), 27–34. https://doi.org/10.1177/2372732219893385
Berutu, N. N., & Margana, M. (2023). Developing English Instructional Materials for Young Learners Oriented to Left and Right Brain Accommodation. Journal of Languages and Language Teaching. https://doi.org/10.33394/jollt.v11i4.8900
Brown, A., & Lee, S. (2019). Personalization in the classroom: Enhancing Student Engagement through Rainbow Cards. Teaching and Learning Journal, 12(2), 87–102.
Cain, K., & Oakhill, J. (2011). Matthew effects in young readers: Reading comprehension and reading experience aid vocabulary development. Journal of Learning Disabilities. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022219411410042
Castles, A., Rastle, K., & Nation, K. (2018). Ending the Reading Wars: Reading Acquisition From Novice to Expert. Psychological Science in the Public Interest. https://doi.org/10.1177/1529100618772271
Chen, T. I., Chung, H. C., & Lin, S. K. (2023). The Effect of Applying Language Picture Books in Reciprocal Teaching on Students’ Language Learning Motivations. SAGE Open, 13(4), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440231218857
Cohen, A. D. (2014). Strategies in learning and using a second language. In Strategies in Learning and Using a Second Language. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315833200
Cree, A., Kay, A., Foundation, J. S.-W. L., & 2023, undefined. (2013). The Economic and Social Cost of Illiteracy: A Snapshot of Illiteracy in a Global Context. Worldliteracyfoundation.Org.
Devira, M. (2020). Revisiting the implementation of active learning pedagogy in efl classrooms. Studies in English Language and Education. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v7i1.15089
Ehri, L. C. (2022). Phases of acquisition in learning to read words and implications for teaching. In BJEP Monograph Series II: Part 1 Learning and Teaching Reading. https://doi.org/10.53841/bpsmono.2002.cat527.3
Elvira, I., & Ardi, H. (2014). Teaching descriptive text by using rainbow cards in teaching speaking for junior high school student. In Journal of English Language Teaching.
Garcia, M. (2021). Improving reading comprehension through the using of colored cards: A study in Descriptive Text learning. International Journal of Language Education, 8(1), 35–48.
Haerazi, H., Prayati, Z., & Vikasari, R. M. (2019). Practicing Contextual Teaching And Learning (Ctl) Approach To Improve Students Reading Comprehension In Relation To Motivation. English Review: Journal of English Education. https://doi.org/10.25134/erjee.v8i1.2011
Harisanty, D., Srirahayu, D., Kusumaningtiyas, T., Anugrah, E., & Permata, I. (2020). The Utilization of Flashcards in Children Information Literacy Development. Library Philosophy and Practice, 2020(November), 1–12.
Harisma, R., & Nasution, M. (2020). Improving Students’ Reading Comprehension Of Descriptive Text By Using Rainbow Card In Feedback Strategy. Jurnal Serunai Bahasa Inggris. https://doi.org/10.37755/jsbi.v12i2.296
Herlina, H., & Dewi, R. R. (2017). Flashcard Media: the Media for Developing Students Understanding for English Vocabulary At Elementary School. Ijer - Indonesian Journal of Educational Review, 4(1), 116. https://doi.org/10.21009/ijer.04.01.11
Hong-Nam, K., & Leavell, A. G. (2006). Language learning strategy use of ESL students in an intensive English learning context. System. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2006.02.002
Jang, B. G., & Ryoo, J. H. (2019). Multiple dimensions of adolescents’ reading attitudes and their relationship with reading comprehension. Reading and Writing. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11145-018-9926-6
Kemmis, S., McTaggart, R., & Nixon, R. (2014). The action research planner: Doing critical participatory action research. In The Action Research Planner: Doing Critical Participatory Action Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4560-67-2
Kissau, S., & Hiller, F. (2013). Reading comprehension strategies: An international comparison of teacher preferences. Research in Comparative and International Education. https://doi.org/10.2304/rcie.2013.8.4.437
Klauda, S. L., & Guthrie, J. T. (2015). Comparing relations of motivation, engagement, and achievement among struggling and advanced adolescent readers. Reading and Writing. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11145-014-9523-2
Lai, S.-F., Li, C.-H., & Amster, R. (2013). Strategically Smart Or Proficiency-Driven? An Investigation Of Reading Strategy Use Of EFL College Students In Relation To Language Proficiency. Contemporary Issues in Education Research (CIER). https://doi.org/10.19030/cier.v6i1.7606
Landerl, K., & Wimmer, H. (2008). Development of Word Reading Fluency and Spelling in a Consistent Orthography: An 8-Year Follow-Up. Journal of Educational Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.100.1.150
Lawrence Jun Zhang, University of Auckland New Zealand, Aijiao Wu, & Hainan Middle School China. (2009). Chinese senior high school EFL students’ metacognitive awareness and reading-strategy use. Reading in a Foreign Language.
Mardiana, M., Oviyanti, F., & Anggara, B. (2021). Hubungan Efikasi Diri Dengan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Di SMA Persatuan Pedamaran. Jurnal PAI Raden Fatah. https://doi.org/10.19109/pairf.v3i3.6361
Montero-Arévalo, S. J. (2019). Effects Of Genre Based Approach (GBA) In EFL Reading Comprehension And Writing. GIST – Education and Learning Research Journal. https://doi.org/10.26817/16925777.762
Muahad, H. (2020). Improving Students’ Reading Comprehension Of Descriptive Text By Using Rainbow Card In Feedback Strategy. Jurnal Ilmiah STKIP Al Maksum Langkat. https://doi.org/10.37755/jsbi.v12i2.296
Nor, H., Hizriani, N., & Kadariyah, N. L. (2022). Teachers’ Materials Development, Lesson Planning, and Teaching Skills Readiness in Teaching English. PANYONARA: Journal of English Education, 4(1), 32–64. https://doi.org/10.19105/panyonara.v4i1.5909
Paris, S. G., Lipson, M. Y., & Wixson, K. K. (1983). Becoming a strategic reader. Contemporary Educational Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1016/0361-476X(83)90018-8
Pifianti, A. engaruh Metacognitive dan Motivasi Membaca terhadap Pemahaman Membaca (Reading Comprehension) Buku-Buku Berbahasa Inggris Mahasiswa Semester II, IV Dan VI Fakultas Psikologi UIN Jakarta (Master's thesis, Fakultas Psikologi UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta).
Pressley, M. (2006). Reading instruction that works: The case for balanced teaching (3rd ed.). In Reading instruction that works: The case for balanced teaching (3rd ed.).
Pressley, M., & Hilden, K. (2001). How Can Children Be Taught to Comprehend Text Better. National Invitational Conference on Successful Reading Instruction.
Puspitarini, Y. D., & Hanif, M. (2019). Using Learning Media to Increase Learning Motivation in Elementary School. Anatolian Journal of Education, 4(2), 53–60. https://doi.org/10.29333/aje.2019.426a
Renandya, W. A., & Jacobs, G. M. (2016). Extensive Reading and Listening in the L2 Classroom. In English Language Education. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38834-2_8
Ro, J. (2017). A journey from the classroom to the world of educational reform: a study of three Korean teachers’ practitioner inquiry. Asia Pacific Journal of Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/02188791.2016.1142423
Salehi, M., Lari, Z., & Rezanejad, A. (2014). The effects of gender and genre on language learners’ reading comprehension ability. Education Journal.
Selim, S. M. M., & Islam, A. B. M. S. (2022). Engaged Reading: Moving from Theory to Implication for L2 Learners. Journal of Languages and Language Teaching. https://doi.org/10.33394/jollt.v10i3.5281
Shen, H. J. (2003). The role of explicit instruction in ESL/EFL reading. Foreign Language Annals. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1944-9720.2003.tb02124.x
Smith, J. (2020). The impect of using Rainbow Cards on students’ Interest and Participation in English Learning. Journal of Education, 25(3), 45–58.
Trabasso, T., & Bouchard, E. (2002). Teaching Readers how to Comprehend Text Strategically. In Comprehension Instruction: Research-Based Best Practices- Solving Problems in the Teaching of Literacy.
Wharton, G. (2000). Language Learning Strategy Use of Bilingual Foreign Language Learners in Singapore. Language Learning. https://doi.org/10.1111/0023-8333.00117
Widiati, U., & Cahyono, B. Y. (2006). The Teaching of EFL Speaking In the Indonesian Context: The State of the Art. Bahasa Dan Seni.
Wigfield, A., & Guthrie, J. T. (1997). Relations of children's motivation for reading to the amount and breadth or their reading. Journal of Educational Psychology, 89(3), 420–432. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.89.3.420
Yang, Y. (2002). Reassessing Readers’ Comprehension Monitoring. Reading in a Foreign Language.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
License and Publishing Agreement
In submitting the manuscript to the journal, the authors certify that:
- They are authorized by their co-authors to enter into these arrangements.
- The work described has not been formally published before, except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, thesis, or overlay journal.
- That it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere,
- That its publication has been approved by all the author(s) and by the responsible authorities – tacitly or explicitly – of the institutes where the work has been carried out.
- They secure the right to reproduce any material that has already been published or copyrighted elsewhere.
- They agree to the following license and publishing agreement.
Copyright
Authors who publish with JOLLT Journal of Languages and Language Teaching agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.Â
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
Licensing for Data Publication
- Open Data Commons Attribution License, http://www.opendatacommons.org/licenses/by/1.0/ (default)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.