Developing Kemukus Mountain Flipbook Integrated with TaRL Approach in Improving Students’ Comprehension of Descriptive Texts

Authors

  • Tasya Novi Setiyani Semarang State University, Indonesia
  • Panca Dewi Purwati Semarang State University, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33394/jollt.v13i1.13431

Keywords:

Media flipbook, e-learning media, Description text, TaRL approach, Learner understanding,

Abstract

Teachers have not optimally used technology-based learning media and have not implemented a Teaching at the Right Level-based learning approach. causing students' understanding of descriptive text to be low. This study aims to develop, test the feasibility, and effectiveness of Teaching at the Right Level-based flipbook learning media to improve the understanding of fifth grade students. This type of research is research and development with the Borg and Gall model. The subjects of this study were 30 fifth grade Elementary students. Data collection techniques used tests (pretest and posttest) and non-tests (observation, interview, questionnaire). Data analysis techniques using normality test, t test and N-Gain test. The results showed: (1) Teaching at the Right Level-based flipbooks were developed using the canva application; (2) the results of the validity test of material experts, media experts, teachers, and students received a very feasible category; (3) effectiveness is shown from the results of analy-ing pretest and posttest scores. The results of the t test get a sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.00 <0.005. The conclusion in this studv shows that the development of learning media flipbooks based on Teaching at the Right Level was successfully developed, very feasible, and effectively used to improve the understanding of descriptive text for fifth grade Elementary students.

Author Biographies

Tasya Novi Setiyani, Semarang State University

Primary School Education, Faculty,Semarang State University, Central Java, Indonesia

Panca Dewi Purwati, Semarang State University

Primary School Education, Faculty,Semarang State University, Central Java, Indonesia

References

Aida, L. N., Maryam, D., Febiola, F., Agami, S. D., & Fawaida, U. (2020). Innovation of Islamic Education Learning Media through Audiovisual Media. Terampil: Journal of Basic Education and Learning, 7(1), 43–50.

Airini, N., Masruro, Z., Saragih, S. Z., Hasibuan, R., Simamora, S. S., & Toni. (2022). Textbook of Learning and Teaching. Widina Bhakti Persada Bandung.

Ali, M. (2020). Indonesian Language and Literature Learning (BASASTRA) in Elementary Schools. PERNIK: Journal of Early Childhood Education, 3(1), 35–44. https://doi.org/10.31851/pernik.v3i2.4839

Apridar, Kencanawati, I., Nuryati, I. D., Nelza, F., Ramadani, Naimah, K., Hayati, D. K., Setiawan, D. E., & Peni, N. (2024). Harmony of Media and Methods in Science Learning (Issue March). Akademi Pustaka.

Arisandy, D., Rizkika, D. P., & Astika, T. D. (2019). The Existence of the Indonesian Language among Millennials in the Era of Industry 4.0. Journal of Indonesian Language and Literature Education, 3(2), 247–251. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.30743/bahastra.v3i2.3180

Bachiri, Y. A., Mouncif, H., Bouikhalene, B., & Hamzaoui, R. (2024). Integrating Ai-Based Speech Recognition Technology to Enhance Reading Assessments Within Morocco’s Tarl Program. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 25(4), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.1335062

Batdi, V. (2015). A Meta-analysis Study of Mind Mapping Techniques and Traditional Learning Methods. The Anthropologist, 20(1–2), 62–68. https://doi.org/10.1080/09720073.2015.11891724

Dewi, N. P. S. R., & Wibawa, I. M. C. (2024). Enhancing Students’ Science Literacy through Megedong-Gedongan: A Balinese Local Culture-based Flipbook. Journal of Curriculum and Teaching, 13(4), 331. https://doi.org/10.5430/jct.v13n4p331

D’Agostino, T., Guzmán, D. B., Perrin, P., Liberiste-Osirus, A., & Schuenke-Lucien, K. (2024). Explaining Variation in Treatment Effects: An Impact Evaluation and Mixed-Methods Study of Variation in Early Grade Reading Program Effects. Comparative Education Review, 68(1), 85–112. https://doi.org/10.1086/728393

Fadzilah, H. N., & Isnawati. (2024). Development of Interactive Flipbook E-Book on Enzyme and Metabolism Material to Train Critical Thinking Skills of Grade XII High School Students. BioEdu, 13(2), 356–369. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.26740/bioedu.v13n2.p356-369

Fauziah, M., Fauziah, Y., & Dzulkurnain, M. I. (2024). Development of Lesson Study-Based Learning Materials to Enhance Reading Skills of Elementary School Students. Multidisciplinary Science Journal, 7(1), 2025062. https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2025062

Hasibuan, I. W., Siregar, J. H. H., & Hasibuan, N. S. (2024). Motivation, Teaching, and Learning. Madani: Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal, 1(12), 870–876. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10467151

Irwan, Syaputra, H., Ahmad, D., Mukhni, & Dwina, F. (2024). The development of flipbook on integral topic for 11th grade students in Indonesia. 050001. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0205717

Kusuma, E., & Fadiana, M. (2024). Utilization of Wordwall Educational Games to Improve Indonesian Language Learning Outcomes for Grade V Elementary School Students. Basicedu Journal, 8(2), 1566–1573. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v8i2.7433

Li, S., Fan, T., & Zhao, J. (2025). The Prediction of Syllable Awareness, Character Reading Ability, and Rapid Automatized Naming on Phoneme Awareness: Evidence from a Longitudinal Cross-Lagged Model. Cognitive Development, 73, 101534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogdev.2024.101534

Machkour, M., Lamalif, L., Faris, S., Mansouri, K., & Akef, F. (2024). A Model for Integrating Information and Communication Technologies into the Diagnostic Assessment Process: Towards a Universal Design of Learning. In S. Motahhir & B. Bossoufi (Eds.), Digital Technologies and Applications (Vol. 1098, pp. 235–243). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-68650-4_23

Maruyama, T., & Igei, K. (2024). Community-Wide Support for Primary Students to Improve Foundational Literacy and Numeracy: Empirical Evidence from Madagascar. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 72(4), 1963–1992. https://doi.org/10.1086/726178

Masithoh, A. (2022). The Effect of Jigsaw Learning Model Using Flipbook Media on Social Studies Learning Outcomes of Grade V Elementary School Students. BELAINDIKA Journal (Learning and Educational Innovation), 4(1), 21–27. https://doi.org/10.52005/belaindika.v4i1.80

Muammar, M., Ruqoiyyah, S., & Ningsih, N. S. (2023). Implementing the Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL) Approach to Improve Elementary Students’ Initial Reading Skills. Journal of Languages and Language Teaching, 11(4), 610. https://doi.org/10.33394/jollt.v11i4.8989

Mustafa, S., Riana, R., Baharullah, B., & Maming, K. (2024). The Collaboration of Teaching at The Right Level Approach with Problem-Based Learning Model. Open Education Studies, 6(1), 20240046. https://doi.org/10.1515/edu-2024-0046

Nurrita, T. (2018). Development of Learning Media to Improve Student Learning Outcomes. MISYKAT: Journal of Quranic Studies, Hadith, Sharia, and Education, 3(1), 171. https://doi.org/10.33511/misykat.v3n1.171

Pitorini, D. E., Suciati, & Harlita. (2024). Students’ Critical Thinking Skills Using an E-Module Based on Problem-Based Learning Combined with Socratic Dialogue. Journal of Learning for Development, 11(1), 52–65. https://doi.org/10.56059/jl4d.v11i1.1014

Rahayu, D., Pramadi, R. A., Maspupah, M., & Agustina, T. W. (2021). Application of Interactive Flipbook Learning Media to Improve Student Learning Outcomes. Indonesian Journal of Mathematics and Natural Science Education, 2(2), 105–114. https://doi.org/10.35719/mass.v2i2.66

Sari, W. N., & Ahmad, M. (2021). Development of Digital Flipbook Learning Media in Elementary Schools. EDUKATIF: Journal of Educational Science, 3(5), 2819–2826. https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v3i5.1012

Sarpiyah. (2019). Learning Media in the Teaching and Learning Process. Proceedings of the National Education Seminar FKIP, 2(1), 470–477.

Sawada, Y., Mahmud, M., Seki, M., & Kawarazaki, H. (2024). Fighting the Learning Crisis in Developing Countries: A Randomized Experiment of Self-Learning at the Right Level. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 72(4), 1893–1921. https://doi.org/10.1086/725909

Sugiyono. (2017). Educational Research Methods, Quantitative, Qualitative, and R&D Approaches. Alfabeta.

Susanti, D., Anand, G., & Arifin, F. A. (2025). Leveraging School Principals to Address Learning Loss in Indonesia Through Group and Individual Targeting. International Journal of Educational Development, 112, 103153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2024.103153

Syahfitri, J., & Muntahanah, M. (2024). The Effectiveness of Local Wisdom-Based Interactive Digital Module on Students’ Critical Thinking Disposition. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE), 13(4), 2170. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v13i4.28256

Usman, H., Lestari, I., Siregar, Y. E. Y., Rafiqa, S. R., & Sentryo, I. (2024). Flipbook and E-Learning for Teaching English to Elementary School Teacher Education Students. Studies in English Language and Education, 11(2), 919–935. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v11i2.35476

Van Norman, E. R., & Forcht, E. R. (2024). Modeling Growth in Reading With Curriculum-Based Measurement Versus Computer-Adaptive Tests. Assessment for Effective Intervention, 50(1), 29–39. https://doi.org/10.1177/15345084241292731

Vettori, G., Mercugliano, A., Bigozzi, L., & Incognito, O. (2025). The Relationships Between Oral Narrative, Reading, and Writing Skills in a Longitudinal Sample of Italian-Speaking Children: The Moderating Role of Cognitive-Lexical Skills. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 40(1), 32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10212-024-00929-z

Yi-Ming Kao, G., Yeh, H.-C., Su, S.-W., Chiang, X.-Z., & Sun, C.-T. (2025). Advancing a Practical Inquiry Model with Multi-Perspective Role-Playing to Foster Critical Thinking Behavior in E-Book Reading. Computers & Education, 225, 105185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2024.105185

Yusuf, N., Setyawan, H., Immawati, S., Santoso, G., & Usman, M. (2022). Development of Fable-Based Flipbook Media to Improve Students' Understanding of Moral Messages in Elementary Schools. Basicedu Journal, 6(5), 8314–8330. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i5.3735

Downloads

Published

2025-01-16

How to Cite

Setiyani, T. N., & Purwati, P. D. (2025). Developing Kemukus Mountain Flipbook Integrated with TaRL Approach in Improving Students’ Comprehension of Descriptive Texts. Journal of Languages and Language Teaching, 13(1), 281–293. https://doi.org/10.33394/jollt.v13i1.13431

Issue

Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025)

Section

Articles

Citation Check

License

License and Publishing Agreement
In submitting the manuscript to the journal, the authors certify that:

  1. They are authorized by their co-authors to enter into these arrangements.
  2. The work described has not been formally published before, except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, thesis, or overlay journal.
  3. That it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere,
  4. That its publication has been approved by all the author(s) and by the responsible authorities – tacitly or explicitly – of the institutes where the work has been carried out.
  5. They secure the right to reproduce any material that has already been published or copyrighted elsewhere.
  6. They agree to the following license and publishing agreement.

Copyright
Authors who publish with JOLLT Journal of Languages and Language Teaching agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. 
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.

Licensing for Data Publication

JOLLT Journal of Languages and Language Teaching uses a variety of waivers and licenses, that are specifically designed for and appropriate for the treatment of data:
Other data publishing licenses may be allowed as exceptions (subject to approval by the editor on a case-by-case basis) and should be justified with a written statement from the author, which will be published with the article.

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.